2 December 25, 2024
Articles
1. Alexander Cherkas
Sir George Stodart Blackie (1834–1881) in the Museum Collection of Cherkas Global University: Commemorating the 190th Anniversary of His Birth
European Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 32-37.
Number of views: 17 Download in PDF
2. Mikhey M. KuznetsovEuropean Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 32-37.
Abstract:
This work is a tribute to the 190th anniversary of the birth of Sir George Stodart Blackie (1834–1881). It provides a biographical account of his life, with a special focus on his service with Masonic organizations in the United States. The source base comprised the following two groups of materials: 1) annual reports of the Masonic order of Knights Templar (specifically, the annual reports of the Grand Commanderies of New York and Louisiana); 2) photographs from the museum collection of Cherkas Global University (specifically, the photograph of G.S. Blackie represented by Exhibit No. 006). The study’s findings revealed that Sir George S. Blackie was an outstanding man. An Edinburgh University graduate, he moved in 1856 to the United States (Nashville, Tennessee), where he got involved with a local university and a number of local Masonic organizations. During the American Civil War, he served as a surgeon in the Confederate States Army. Afterwards, he resumed his academic and social work. At the height of his career with Masonic organizations in 1871–1872, he held the office of Grand Commander of Knights Templar of Tennessee. A participant in the 18th Triennial Conclave of the Knights Templar of the United States, held at Baltimore, Maryland, in September 1871, he later criticized the Order’s leadership for the ostentatious pomp and display with which that event was organized.
This work is a tribute to the 190th anniversary of the birth of Sir George Stodart Blackie (1834–1881). It provides a biographical account of his life, with a special focus on his service with Masonic organizations in the United States. The source base comprised the following two groups of materials: 1) annual reports of the Masonic order of Knights Templar (specifically, the annual reports of the Grand Commanderies of New York and Louisiana); 2) photographs from the museum collection of Cherkas Global University (specifically, the photograph of G.S. Blackie represented by Exhibit No. 006). The study’s findings revealed that Sir George S. Blackie was an outstanding man. An Edinburgh University graduate, he moved in 1856 to the United States (Nashville, Tennessee), where he got involved with a local university and a number of local Masonic organizations. During the American Civil War, he served as a surgeon in the Confederate States Army. Afterwards, he resumed his academic and social work. At the height of his career with Masonic organizations in 1871–1872, he held the office of Grand Commander of Knights Templar of Tennessee. A participant in the 18th Triennial Conclave of the Knights Templar of the United States, held at Baltimore, Maryland, in September 1871, he later criticized the Order’s leadership for the ostentatious pomp and display with which that event was organized.
Number of views: 17 Download in PDF
Analysis of the Frequency of Mentions of Terms Related to the Market Economy in the Newspaper “Udmurtskaya Pravda” (1986–1993)
European Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 38-41.
Number of views: 13 Download in PDF
3. Semyon N. GontaEuropean Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 38-41.
Abstract:
The article presents the results of content analysis of the frequency of mentions of terms related to the market economy, based on the materials of the newspaper “Udmurtskaya Pravda” for the period from 1986 to 1993. For the analysis, marker words were selected that reflect the concept of a market economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the dynamics of the development of the state system in the context of the social and economic transformation of society in this period – the transition from Soviet socialism to Russian capitalism. The results of the analysis confirmed the previously expressed assumption of a number of authors that, despite the beginning of perestroika in 1986, real changes in the state structure began only in 1989. The frequency of the analyzed marker words reaches a maximum in 1990, after which it declines due to the emergence of new marker words that more thoroughly characterize particular manifestations of the market economy.
The article presents the results of content analysis of the frequency of mentions of terms related to the market economy, based on the materials of the newspaper “Udmurtskaya Pravda” for the period from 1986 to 1993. For the analysis, marker words were selected that reflect the concept of a market economy. The purpose of the study is to identify the dynamics of the development of the state system in the context of the social and economic transformation of society in this period – the transition from Soviet socialism to Russian capitalism. The results of the analysis confirmed the previously expressed assumption of a number of authors that, despite the beginning of perestroika in 1986, real changes in the state structure began only in 1989. The frequency of the analyzed marker words reaches a maximum in 1990, after which it declines due to the emergence of new marker words that more thoroughly characterize particular manifestations of the market economy.
Number of views: 13 Download in PDF
Propaganda of the Humanistic Behavior of Soldiers in the Materials of the Red Cross and the Geneva Call
European Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 42-58.
Number of views: 13 Download in PDF
4. Michael I. Ojovan, Natalia V. Muller, Victor L. Shabanov, Mikhail B. LoshchininEuropean Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 42-58.
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the study of the propaganda of humanistic behavior of soldiers in the materials of international humanitarian organizations. As research materials, this work uses propaganda brochures of international humanitarian organizations: the Red Cross and the Geneva Call, which contain recommendations for behavior for soldiers and military personnel in zones of military conflicts. The research methodology is represented by both general scientific and special research methods. The structure of the article consists of 2 sections (International Committee of the Red Cross: “Code of Conduct for Combatants”, Geneva Call: “15 Rules of Conduct for Fighters in Armed Conflicts”), each of which examines propaganda materials of international humanitarian organizations. In conclusion, the author draws conclusions about the characteristics of the propaganda materials considered in the work, as well as conclusions about the importance of propaganda work with soldiers and the problems of compliance with the considered rules of conduct.
This article is devoted to the study of the propaganda of humanistic behavior of soldiers in the materials of international humanitarian organizations. As research materials, this work uses propaganda brochures of international humanitarian organizations: the Red Cross and the Geneva Call, which contain recommendations for behavior for soldiers and military personnel in zones of military conflicts. The research methodology is represented by both general scientific and special research methods. The structure of the article consists of 2 sections (International Committee of the Red Cross: “Code of Conduct for Combatants”, Geneva Call: “15 Rules of Conduct for Fighters in Armed Conflicts”), each of which examines propaganda materials of international humanitarian organizations. In conclusion, the author draws conclusions about the characteristics of the propaganda materials considered in the work, as well as conclusions about the importance of propaganda work with soldiers and the problems of compliance with the considered rules of conduct.
Number of views: 13 Download in PDF
On the Way of Power Theory
European Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 59-91.
Number of views: 12 Download in PDF
5. European Researcher. Series A. 2024. 15(2): 59-91.
Abstract:
Using the system of geometric progressions, the models of the modest hierarchy of A. Chebotarev and the equal-power hierarchy of B. Trubnikov are reformulated. Hypotheses are proposed and motivated that the Chebotarev hierarchy with an index of minus 3 can be an example of optimal inequality in monetary income, and the administrative hierarchy with an index of minus 3/2 can be an example of authoritarian power. The inequalities of participants of named hierarchies are extremely large and should be interpreted as the sizes of society. A conjecture is proposed that the economically active population from the working class and above simultaneously participates in triune hierarchies of the named type, which exhaust the variety of hierarchical structures. The closeness of this hypothesis to the triad of “power, wealth and prestige” by M. Weber is noted. A simulation method of triune hierarchies based on national information on the income of individuals is proposed. It was discovered that within the framework of any hierarchy, up to the national one, virtual non-integer participants can be located above the highest rank and values can accumulate, which are interpreted as an ideological superstructure proposed by K. Marx. The total number of virtual participants in the national hierarchy can be large. The concept of an almost one-dimensional topology of socio-economic space in large communities and a four-dimensional one in sparsely populated ones is substantiated. The increased social risk of participants in dynamic hierarchies, the relationship between categories of capital and resources, the differences and versatility of large industrial and small human capital, as well as the evolution of hierarchies are discussed.
Using the system of geometric progressions, the models of the modest hierarchy of A. Chebotarev and the equal-power hierarchy of B. Trubnikov are reformulated. Hypotheses are proposed and motivated that the Chebotarev hierarchy with an index of minus 3 can be an example of optimal inequality in monetary income, and the administrative hierarchy with an index of minus 3/2 can be an example of authoritarian power. The inequalities of participants of named hierarchies are extremely large and should be interpreted as the sizes of society. A conjecture is proposed that the economically active population from the working class and above simultaneously participates in triune hierarchies of the named type, which exhaust the variety of hierarchical structures. The closeness of this hypothesis to the triad of “power, wealth and prestige” by M. Weber is noted. A simulation method of triune hierarchies based on national information on the income of individuals is proposed. It was discovered that within the framework of any hierarchy, up to the national one, virtual non-integer participants can be located above the highest rank and values can accumulate, which are interpreted as an ideological superstructure proposed by K. Marx. The total number of virtual participants in the national hierarchy can be large. The concept of an almost one-dimensional topology of socio-economic space in large communities and a four-dimensional one in sparsely populated ones is substantiated. The increased social risk of participants in dynamic hierarchies, the relationship between categories of capital and resources, the differences and versatility of large industrial and small human capital, as well as the evolution of hierarchies are discussed.
Number of views: 12 Download in PDF