Number 2. (in 2 part) September 25, 2014
Physical and Mathematical sciences
1. Alexander A. Solovyev, Constantin V. Chekarev
Use of Resolving Equation to Define the Lower Critical Reynolds Number
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1648-1650.
Number of views: 1104 Download in PDF
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1648-1650.
Abstract:
Although the issue of streams with non-crossing trajectories of particle motions ranging from chaotic, random with irregular current lines, has been given a lot of attention, it still remains unresolved. The study features a relevant issue for hydromechanics, which is precise values determination of the Lower Critical Reynolds Number. It is suggested to put forward an updated approach to the use of energetic analysis for analytical calculation of the Reynolds Resolving Equation. The assessment of transition to mean motion from pulsation to the direction of laminar flows was fulfilled.
Although the issue of streams with non-crossing trajectories of particle motions ranging from chaotic, random with irregular current lines, has been given a lot of attention, it still remains unresolved. The study features a relevant issue for hydromechanics, which is precise values determination of the Lower Critical Reynolds Number. It is suggested to put forward an updated approach to the use of energetic analysis for analytical calculation of the Reynolds Resolving Equation. The assessment of transition to mean motion from pulsation to the direction of laminar flows was fulfilled.
Number of views: 1104 Download in PDF
Biological sciences
2. Sribas Goswami
Environmental Impact Assessment of Coal Mining: Indian Scenario
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1651-1661.
Number of views: 1263 Download in PDF
3. Shaily Javeria, Harish Kumar, Raveesh Kumar Gangwar, Swati Tyagi, Ramesh Singh YadavEuropean Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1651-1661.
Abstract:
Coal mining is a development activity, which is bound to damage the natural ecosystem by all its activities direct and ancillary, starting from land acquisition to coal beneficiation and use of the products. This is so because environmental degradation has affected especially the common property resources such as land and water on which depend the subsistence and well-being of the local community. The study area being the foremost coal producing region of the country also ranked high in the record of environmentally degraded region. Huge areas in the Raniganj and Jharia coalfield in India have become ruined due to abandoned and active mine surface and underground mines. In open cast mines, waste resources are usually stacked as huge dumps in the surroundings. These, coupled with coal dumps, cause noteworthy visual impact. Large vicinity of forest, farming land, and pasture land has been transformed into colliery colonies or into uncultivated land due to rapid expansion of the coal mines. As a result, land use pattern has been changed considerably over last three decades. This study is pursued to assess the impact of coal mining activities on local community and environment.
Coal mining is a development activity, which is bound to damage the natural ecosystem by all its activities direct and ancillary, starting from land acquisition to coal beneficiation and use of the products. This is so because environmental degradation has affected especially the common property resources such as land and water on which depend the subsistence and well-being of the local community. The study area being the foremost coal producing region of the country also ranked high in the record of environmentally degraded region. Huge areas in the Raniganj and Jharia coalfield in India have become ruined due to abandoned and active mine surface and underground mines. In open cast mines, waste resources are usually stacked as huge dumps in the surroundings. These, coupled with coal dumps, cause noteworthy visual impact. Large vicinity of forest, farming land, and pasture land has been transformed into colliery colonies or into uncultivated land due to rapid expansion of the coal mines. As a result, land use pattern has been changed considerably over last three decades. This study is pursued to assess the impact of coal mining activities on local community and environment.
Number of views: 1263 Download in PDF
Isolation of Stem rot Disease Causing Organism of Brinjal and their in-vitro Inhibition with Fungicides and Bio-control Agents
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1662-1670.
Number of views: 1445 Download in PDF
4. Maksim A. SafonovEuropean Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1662-1670.
Abstract:
Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through “Dual Culture Technique”. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Different strains of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were isolated from the diseased samples collected from different hosts and locations. Among the 14 isolates, 12 isolates colonies covered the entire Petri plates within 96 hours but, two isolates from fababean and yellow mustard showed slow colony growth within 96 hours. All isolates produced sclerotia which were varied in number, but the fenugreek isolate produced maximum (43) number of sclerotia and lambs quarter isolate produced minimum number of sclerotia (12) on PDA medium. To examine inhibitory effect of fungicide on the mycelial growth of the pathogen, 9 fungicides were tested in vitro against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, of those carbendazim, carboxin, topsin-M and carbendazim+ mancozeb (SAAF) were found most effective and inhibited the mycelial growth of pathogen up to 100 per cent at 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2% concentration. The effect of different bioagents viz., Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, T. koningii, T. atroviride, T. longibraciatum, Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosome and Penicillium notatum in inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was studied through “Dual Culture Technique”. The data showed that among the eight biocontrol agent six were fond effective. The maximum inhibition was found by T. harzianum causing 70.82% inhibition of mycelial growth of the pathogen S. sclerotiorum.
Number of views: 1445 Download in PDF
Wood-destroying Basidiomycetes, found on the elder woods in the South Urals (Orenburg Oblast, Russia)
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1671-1676.
Number of views: 1189 Download in PDF
5. Kamini Singh, Raveesh Kumar Gangwar, Garima Singh, Vikash S. Jadon, Shashi RanjanEuropean Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1671-1676.
Abstract:
The article shows the results of a study of wood-destroying basidiomycetes on two species of elder trees (Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incan), growing in the South Urals (Orenburg Oblast). The comparative analysis of basidiomycetes on two species of elder trees was conducted. The reasons for structural differences of these complexes are discussed. It is consumed that the reason lies in growth conditions of the trees.
The article shows the results of a study of wood-destroying basidiomycetes on two species of elder trees (Alnus glutinosa, Alnus incan), growing in the South Urals (Orenburg Oblast). The comparative analysis of basidiomycetes on two species of elder trees was conducted. The reasons for structural differences of these complexes are discussed. It is consumed that the reason lies in growth conditions of the trees.
Number of views: 1189 Download in PDF
Studies on the Analgesic Potential of leaf Extracts of Allium humile on Swiss albino mice
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1677-1681.
Number of views: 1224 Download in PDF
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1677-1681.
Abstract:
Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 2500-3000 meters height of sea level. In India, Allium humile, is used by local people as a spice and in ethano-medicine. In the present study, Allium humile leaves were explored for their analgesic potential on experimental model and compared to standard drugs. Allium humile at the doses of 100 mg/kg and aspirin 25 mg/kg exhibited significant (p>0.05) inhibition of the control writhes at the rate of 64.25%, 44.54%, 44.54% and 59.89% respectively when compared to that of control. Thus, methanolic extract of the plant can be fully explored for its analgesic potential which has not been reported so far. The plant extract showed a relative low toxicity hence justifies the folkloric use of plant by the local people in Western Himalayan region for curing inflammation and painful conditions.
Allium humile is a medicinal plant found at the Alpine Himalayas of Uttarakhand at altitute of 2500-3000 meters height of sea level. In India, Allium humile, is used by local people as a spice and in ethano-medicine. In the present study, Allium humile leaves were explored for their analgesic potential on experimental model and compared to standard drugs. Allium humile at the doses of 100 mg/kg and aspirin 25 mg/kg exhibited significant (p>0.05) inhibition of the control writhes at the rate of 64.25%, 44.54%, 44.54% and 59.89% respectively when compared to that of control. Thus, methanolic extract of the plant can be fully explored for its analgesic potential which has not been reported so far. The plant extract showed a relative low toxicity hence justifies the folkloric use of plant by the local people in Western Himalayan region for curing inflammation and painful conditions.
Number of views: 1224 Download in PDF
Pedagogical sciences
6. Muñoz González, Juan Muñoz, Vega Gea, Esther María, Figueroa Flores, Jorge Francisco
The Learning of Mind Mapping in Higher Education: A Comparative Study Between Universidad de Córdoba and Università di Roma-La Sapienza
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1682-1693.
Number of views: 1163 Download in PDF
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1682-1693.
Abstract:
In this paper we propose Mind Mapping as a technique which enhances holistic learning or whole brain learning in higher education. The dynamics performed in the learning and application of Mind Mapping is part of a participatory approach in the classroom as an element of the learning process. The research approach follows a quantitative methodology. The results reflect the views of students about the learning of Mind Mapping and its effectiveness in the study. The findings indicate that mental maps can be used with any type of material, making it a tool applicable to any university degree course.
In this paper we propose Mind Mapping as a technique which enhances holistic learning or whole brain learning in higher education. The dynamics performed in the learning and application of Mind Mapping is part of a participatory approach in the classroom as an element of the learning process. The research approach follows a quantitative methodology. The results reflect the views of students about the learning of Mind Mapping and its effectiveness in the study. The findings indicate that mental maps can be used with any type of material, making it a tool applicable to any university degree course.
Number of views: 1163 Download in PDF
Economic sciences
7. Jaleel Ahmed, Hui Xiaofeng, Jaweria Khalid
Determinants of Trade Credit: The Case of a Developing Economy
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1694-1706.
Number of views: 1350 Download in PDF
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1694-1706.
Abstract:
This study answers the call of understanding trade credit determinants and consequences in different cultures and economic setups in order to be able to devise policies. Trade credit is affected by two types of factors including firm specific characteristics and macroeconomic conditions. This study tries to investigate the following firm specific variables such as firm size, liquidity, product quality, price discrimination, inventory and sales growth and found them significantly related to trade credit. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the variable which is used as macroeconomic variable and found positively related to trade credit. After collecting seven years data from 2005 to 2011 from non-financial firms of Pakistan, we have applied three models named, pooled ordinary least square method, fixed effects m ethod and random effects method for estimation to reach at the conclusion that which model is more appropriate for this study based on panel data. F-test and Hausman test are used to compare the estimated models and they give their justification in favor of fixed effects model.
This study answers the call of understanding trade credit determinants and consequences in different cultures and economic setups in order to be able to devise policies. Trade credit is affected by two types of factors including firm specific characteristics and macroeconomic conditions. This study tries to investigate the following firm specific variables such as firm size, liquidity, product quality, price discrimination, inventory and sales growth and found them significantly related to trade credit. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is the variable which is used as macroeconomic variable and found positively related to trade credit. After collecting seven years data from 2005 to 2011 from non-financial firms of Pakistan, we have applied three models named, pooled ordinary least square method, fixed effects m ethod and random effects method for estimation to reach at the conclusion that which model is more appropriate for this study based on panel data. F-test and Hausman test are used to compare the estimated models and they give their justification in favor of fixed effects model.
Number of views: 1350 Download in PDF
Psychological sciences
8. Ulysses Rodrigues de Castro, Antonio José Pacheco Palha, Nelson Rocha de Oliveira, José Carlos Amado Martins
Stress in Community Health Agents: a Bioethics Protection Perspective
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1707-1717.
Number of views: 1339 Download in PDF
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1707-1717.
Abstract:
Health care professionals suffer from both regular job stress and caregiver stress that arises from the neglect of their work situation. As principles of bioethics protection, vertical protection ratio, health policies should also target health professionals. So, this paper seeks to understand the issue of stress in relation to mental health professionals, specifically the community health agents of the Federal District in Brazil. Methods: This study is an exploratory study that adopts a quantitative approach. Data were obtained by a questionnaire, that mesure social, work and stress factors, in 97 community health agents, a different class of health professional. The SPSS 19.0 program was used to mesure the results. Results: The sociodemographic data of respondentes revealed that the majority were women, 40,2% of the group members fall in the age range 30‒39 years, 51% of respondents were married and 57.7% were of middle socioeconomic status. All Pearson correlations were significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed). The results show that all stressors are negatively correlated with the mental health factors. These results showed that mental health deteriorates with increased stress. The mental health indicators are strongly and positively associated, indicating that individuals with better mental health show greater personal, social and workplace support. Conclusions: The results indicate the need for management changes in the public health sector related to Bioethics Protection, which states that populations vulnerable to work exploitation should be protected by guaranteeing minimum working conditions.
Health care professionals suffer from both regular job stress and caregiver stress that arises from the neglect of their work situation. As principles of bioethics protection, vertical protection ratio, health policies should also target health professionals. So, this paper seeks to understand the issue of stress in relation to mental health professionals, specifically the community health agents of the Federal District in Brazil. Methods: This study is an exploratory study that adopts a quantitative approach. Data were obtained by a questionnaire, that mesure social, work and stress factors, in 97 community health agents, a different class of health professional. The SPSS 19.0 program was used to mesure the results. Results: The sociodemographic data of respondentes revealed that the majority were women, 40,2% of the group members fall in the age range 30‒39 years, 51% of respondents were married and 57.7% were of middle socioeconomic status. All Pearson correlations were significant at the 0.01 level (two-tailed). The results show that all stressors are negatively correlated with the mental health factors. These results showed that mental health deteriorates with increased stress. The mental health indicators are strongly and positively associated, indicating that individuals with better mental health show greater personal, social and workplace support. Conclusions: The results indicate the need for management changes in the public health sector related to Bioethics Protection, which states that populations vulnerable to work exploitation should be protected by guaranteeing minimum working conditions.
Number of views: 1339 Download in PDF
Cultural studies
9. Alexander Fedorov
Analysis of Media Stereotypes of the Russian Image in Media Studies in the Student Audience (example: the screen versions of Jules Verne's Novel “Michael Strogoff”)
European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1718-1724.
Number of views: 1167 Download in PDF
10. European Researcher, 2014, Vol.(83), № 9-2, pp. 1718-1724.
Abstract:
As a result of the analysis students come to the conclusion that the screen adaptations of Jules Verne's novel ''Michael Strogoff'' create, though an oversimplified and adapted to western stereotypes of perception, but a positive image of Russia – as a stronghold of European values at the Asian frontiers, a country with a severe climate, boundless Siberian spacious areas, manly and patriotic warriors, a wise monarchy. At the same time, both Jules Verne's novel and its screen adaptations contain clear-cut western pragmatism – the confidence that if a man has a proper will he can rule his destiny.
As a result of the analysis students come to the conclusion that the screen adaptations of Jules Verne's novel ''Michael Strogoff'' create, though an oversimplified and adapted to western stereotypes of perception, but a positive image of Russia – as a stronghold of European values at the Asian frontiers, a country with a severe climate, boundless Siberian spacious areas, manly and patriotic warriors, a wise monarchy. At the same time, both Jules Verne's novel and its screen adaptations contain clear-cut western pragmatism – the confidence that if a man has a proper will he can rule his destiny.
Number of views: 1167 Download in PDF